Dedicated to the warm memory of my hero as physicist S.W. Hawking. R.I.P. 1942-2018 Idea: Black Holes (BH) are “not” truly black. BH emit thermal radiation at the Hawking temperature and it is proportional to the surface gravity () of … Continue reading
What is the Unruh effect? Description: any accelerated observer in the traditional Minkovski state OBSERVE a thermal spectrum of particles. When we refer to the accelerated observer, usually it is called the Rindler observer in the literature as well. In … Continue reading
We are now ready to go back to curved spacetime in the IN/OUT formalism! We have Indeed, where when we get particles from gravity! The particle density reads For instance, in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric (FRW universe) we obtain where is … Continue reading
I. Back to QFT in flat Spacetime. Any scalar quantum field has an action and lagrangian density: in D spacetime dimensions. The lagrangian density is usually written as follows The EOM (equation of motion) reads: A nice feynmanity! Indeed, it … Continue reading
This post begins a thread about Quantum Field Theory (QFT) in curved spacetime (ST). They are based on some of my notes about the subject. Enjoy it! I. LIMITS FROM QUANTUM MECHANICS AND GENERAL RELATIVITY. The Einstein-Hilbert action in General … Continue reading
In this short post, I am going to name some wonderful exotic “atoms” and/or bound states (molecules). Some of them are well known for all of you. Others, maybe they are not. Firstly, I will state the particle species I … Continue reading
The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 rises new questions: 1º) Is it the SM Higgs or an impostor? It seems like a SM Higgs but…We don’t know yet for sure. 2º) Is it the ONLY Higgs-like particle or … Continue reading
Entanglement is one of the most surprising quantum phenomena. We quantify entanglement using information measures or entropies. The most used entropies till now (likely it is going to change in the near future) are Boltzmann’s entropy and Von Neumann entropy. … Continue reading
One of the most interesting ideas of the last years between theoretical particle physicists came from conformal field theories (CFT). In their last incarnation, Georgi’s unparticles. What is an unparticle? Georgi, a very known and respected theoretical physicist, speculates about … Continue reading
Neutrino oscillations are one of the most surprising “sounds” in the whole Universe. Since neutrinos do oscillate/mix, they are massive. And due to mass, they can experiment “mixing” or “changes” of flavor (mass and flavor basis are different!). Even more, … Continue reading