Given any physical system, we can perform certain “operations” or “transformations” with it. Some examples are well known: rotations, traslations, scale transformations, conformal transformations, Lorentz transformations,… The ultimate quest of physics is to find the most general “symmetry group” leaving … Continue reading
Today, we are going to talk about the Lie groups and , and their respective Lie algebras, generally denoted by and by the physics community. In addition to this, we will see some properties of the orthogonal groups in euclidean … Continue reading
The converse of the first Lie theorem is also generally true. Theorem. Second Lie Theorem. Given a set of hermitian matrices or operators , closed under commutation with the group multiplication, then these operators define and specify a Lie group … Continue reading
Definition (36). An infinite group is a group where the order/number of elements is not finite. We distinguish two main types of groups (but there are more classes out there…): 1) Discrete groups: their elements are a numerable set. Invariance … Continue reading